Java 引用传递
学了这么久的Java,其实就明白有一个核心点，就是学会引用传递，你就觉得你明白java的精髓，就是来源于生活，面向生活。
值传递：(形式参数类型是基本数据类型)：方法调用时，实际参数把它的值传递给对应的形式参数，形式参数只是用实际参数的值初始化自己的存储单元内容，是两个不同的存储单元，所以方法执行中形式参数值的改变不影响实际参数的值。
引用传递：(形式参数类型是引用数据类型参数)：也称为传地址。方法调用时，实际参数是对象(或数组)，这时实际参数与形式参数指向同一个地址，在方法执行中，对形式参数的操作实际上就是对实际参数的操作，这个结果在方法结束后被保留了下来，所以方法执行中形式参数的改变将会影响实际参数。
public class ParamTest {
public static void main(String[] args){
/**
* Test 1: Methods can't modify numeric parameters
*/
System.out.println("Testing tripleValue:");
double percent = 10;
System.out.println("Before: percent=" + percent);
tripleValue(percent);
System.out.println("After: percent=" + percent);
/**
* Test 2: Methods can change the state of object parameters
*/
System.out.println("\nTesting tripleSalary:");
Employee harry = new Employee("Harry", 50000);
System.out.println("Before: salary=" + harry.getSalary());
tripleSalary(harry);
System.out.println("After: salary=" + harry.getSalary());
/**
* Test 3: Methods can't attach new objects to object parameters
*/
System.out.println("\nTesting swap:");
Employee a = new Employee("Alice", 70000);
Employee b = new Employee("Bob", 60000);
System.out.println("Before: a=" + a.getName());
System.out.println("Before: b=" + b.getName());
swap(a, b);
System.out.println("After: a=" + a.getName());
System.out.println("After: b=" + b.getName());
}
private static void swap(Employee x, Employee y) {
Employee temp = x;
x=y;
y=temp;
System.out.println("End of method: x=" + x.getName());
System.out.println("End of method: y=" + y.getName());
}
private static void tripleSalary(Employee x) {
x.raiseSalary(200);
System.out.println("End of method: salary=" + x.getSalary());
}
private static void tripleValue(double x) {
x=3*x;
System.out.println("End of Method X= "+x);
}
}
显示结果：
Testing tripleValue:
Before: percent=10.0
End of Method X= 30.0
After: percent=10.0
Testing tripleSalary:
Before: salary=50000.0
End of method: salary=150000.0
After: salary=150000.0
Testing swap:
Before: a=Alice
Before: b=Bob
End of method: x=Bob //可见引用的副本进行了交换
End of method: y=Alice
After: a=Alice //引用本身没有交换
After: b=Bob
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